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As you learned earlier in this chapter, you can bind to a DataReader or a DataView So, it s worth asking, which approach does the SqlDataSource control use It s actually in your control, based on whether you set the DataSourceMode to SqlDataSourceModeDataSet (the default) or to SqlDataSourceModeDataReader The DataSet mode is almost always better, because it supports advanced sorting, filtering, and caching settings that depend on the DataSet All these features are disabled in the DataReader mode However, you can use the DataReader mode with extremely large grids, as it s more memory-efficient That s because the DataReader holds only one record in memory at a time just long enough to copy the record s information to the linked control Both modes support binding to multiple controls To understand why this is possible, you need to take a closer look at how the selection is performed.

Formatting consists of several related tasks. First, you want to ensure that dates, currencies, and other number values are presented in the appropriate way. You handle this job with the DataFormatString property. Next, you ll want to apply the perfect mix of colors, fonts, borders, and alignment options to each aspect of the grid, from headers to data items. The GridView supports these features through styles. Finally, you can intercept events, examine row data, and apply formatting to specific data points programmatically. In the following sections, you ll consider each of these techniques. The GridView itself also exposes several formatting properties that are self-explanatory and aren t covered here. These include GridLines (for adding or hiding table borders), CellPadding and CellSpacing (for controlling the overall spacing between cells), and Caption and CaptionAlign (for adding a title to the top of the grid).

Here s a complete GridView declaration with explicit columns: <asp:GridView ID="gridEmployees" runat="server" DataSourceID="sourceEmployees" AutoGenerateColumns="False"> <Columns> <asp:BoundField DataField="EmployeeID" HeaderText="ID" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="FirstName" HeaderText="First Name" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="LastName" HeaderText="Last Name" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="Title" HeaderText="Title" />

If you profile your database, you ll discover that by binding two controls to the same data source, you cause the query to be executed twice On the other hand, if you bind the page manually, you have the ability to bind the same object to two different controls, which means you need to execute the query only once Clearly, the SqlDataSource imposes a bit of unnecessary extra overhead here, but if you re aware of it you can design accordingly First, you should consider caching, which the SqlDataSource supports natively through the EnableCaching, CacheExpirationPolicy, and CacheDuration properties (see 11 for a full discussion) Second, realize that most of the time you won t be binding more than one control to a data source That s because the rich data controls the GridVew, DetailsView, and FormsView have the ability to present multiple pieces of data in a flexible layout.

Want to create a GridView that scrolls inside a web page It s easy. Just place the GridView inside a Panel control, set the appropriate size for the panel, and set the Panel.Scrollbars to Auto, Vertical, or Both.

<asp:BoundField DataField="City" HeaderText="City" /> </Columns> </asp:GridView> When you explicitly declare a bound field, you have the opportunity to set other properties. Table 10-2 lists these properties. Table 10-2. BoundField Properties

If you use these controls, you ll need to bind only one control, which allows you to avoid this limitation altogether It s also important to note that data binding is performed at the end of your web-page processing, just before the page is rendered That means the PageLoad event will fire, followed by any control events, followed by the PagePreRender event, and only then will the data binding take place The data binding is performed on every postback (unless you redirect to another page) If you need to write code that springs into action after the data binding is complete, you can override the PageOnPreRenderComplete() method This method is called immediately after the PreRender stage but just before the view state is serialized and the actual HTML is rendered..

Each BoundField column provides a DataFormatString property that you can use to configure the appearance of numbers and dates using a format string. Format strings are generally made up of a placeholder and format indicator, which are wrapped inside curly brackets. A typical format string looks something like this: {0:C} In this case, the 0 represents the value that will be formatted, and the letter indicates a predetermined format style. In this case, C means currency format, which formats a number as a dollar figure (so 3400.34 becomes $3,400.34). Here s a column that uses this format string: <asp:BoundField DataField="Price" HeaderText="Price" DataFormatString="{0:C}" /> Table 10-3 shows some of the other formatting options for numeric values. Table 10-3. Numeric Format Strings