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Configures the appearance of the header row that contains column titles, if you ve chosen to show it (if ShowHeader is True). Configures the appearance of every data row. If set, applies additional formatting to every other row. This formatting acts in addition to the RowStyle formatting. For example, if you set a font using RowStyle, it is also applied to alternating rows, unless you explicitly set a different font through the AlternatingRowStyle. Configures the appearance of the row that s currently selected. This formatting acts in addition to the RowStyle formatting. Configures the appearance of the row that s in edit mode. This formatting acts in addition to the RowStyle formatting. Configures the style that s used for the single empty row in the special case where the bound data object contains no rows. Configures the appearance of the footer row at the bottom of the GridView, if you ve chosen to show it (if ShowFooter is True). Configures the appearance of the row with the page links, if you ve enabled paging (set AllowPaging to True).

For example, the @EmployeeID parameter becomes @original_EmployeeID This difference can lead to a potential problem You may begin using a parameter name such as @EmployeeID and then set the DataKeyName property to get access to another feature, such as selection When you attempt to perform an update, you ll receive an error indicating the parameter @EmployeeID can t be found What makes this problem even more confusing is that you can take certain actions in Visual Studio such as refreshing the schema for your data control that will automatically set the DataKeyName property without warning you Now that you understand the problem, the solution is quite simple Most of the time you will use the DataKeyNames property, so you should modify your command to use the original value of any read-only primary keys.

Figure 10-3. Automatically formatting a GridView Once you ve chosen a theme, the style settings are inserted into your GridView tag, and you can tweak them by hand or by using the Properties window.

Styles are not simple single-value properties. Instead, each style exposes a Style object that includes properties for choosing colors (ForeColor and BackColor), adding borders (BorderColor, BorderStyle, and BorderWidth), sizing the row (Height and Width), aligning the row (HorizontalAlign and VerticalAlign), and configuring the appearance of text (Font and Wrap). These style properties allow you to refine almost every aspect of an item s appearance. And if you don t want to hard-code all the appearance settings in the web page, you can set the CssClass property of the style object reference to a stylesheet class that s defined in a linked stylesheet (see 15 for more about styles).

Here s an example: UpdateCommand="UPDATE Employees SET FirstName=@FirstName, LastName=@LastName, Title=@Title, City=@City FROM Employees WHERE EmployeeID=@original_EmployeeID"> This problem has another workaround The @original_ naming convention is configurable You can use a different prefix by changing the SqlDataSourceOldValuesParameterFormatString property This property takes a string of the form @original_{0}, where {0} indicates the unadulterated name If you are sure that your key values are read-only and won t be modified in an update operation, you have no reason to use this convention, because there s no difference between the original name and the current name So, simply change the OldValuesParameterFormatString property to {0}, and your commands will continue to work with the unmodified field names..

When setting style properties, you can use two similar syntaxes (and you ll see both of them in this chapter) First, you can use the object-walker syntax to indicate the extended style properties as tag attributes Here s an example: <asp:GridView runat="server" ID="grid" <RowStyle-ForeColor="DarkBlue" .. > .. </asp:GridView> Alternatively, you can add nested tags, as shown here: <asp:GridView runat="server" ID="grid" ..> <RowStyle ForeColor="DarkBlue" .. /> .. </asp:GridView> Both of these approaches are equivalent However, you make one other decision when setting style properties You can specify global style properties that affect every column in the grid (as in the previous examples), or you can define column-specific styles To create a column-specific style, you need to add style attributes or a nested tag inside the appropriate column tag, as shown here: <asp:GridView runat="server" ID="grid" ..> <Columns> <asp:BoundField DataField="EmployeeID" HeaderText="ID" ItemStyle-Width="30px" /> .. </Columns> </asp:GridView> Or equivalently, you can use a nested tag: <asp:GridView runat="server" ID="grid" ...

The formatting you ve learned so far isn t that fine-grained. At its most specific, this formatting applies to a single column of values. But what if you want to change the formatting for a specific row, or even just a single cell The solution is to react to the GridView.RowCreated event. This event is raised when a part of the grid (the header, footer, or pager or a normal, alternate, or selected item) is being created. You can access the current row as a GridViewRow control. The GridViewRow.DataItem property provides the data object for the given row, and the GridViewRow.Cells collection allows you to retrieve the row content. You can use the GridViewRow to change colors and alignment, add or remove child controls, and so on. The following example handles the RowCreated event and sets the colors according to the following rules: